Siffofi
Nuna aikace-aikace, shago, takardu ko yanayin gwaji a duk inda kuke so kuma ku sami ainihin rukunin yanar gizo mai cikakken 'yanci a bayansa: tarin fasahar kansa, ma'ajiyar bayanai, ma'ajiyar ɗan lokaci, kofofin ajiya da keɓantattun kayan aiki. Cikakken iko akan bayanan DNS, SSL mai aiki da kansa gami da wildcards, da rukunoni na biyu na gwaji tare da dannawa ɗaya. Samuwar aiki: takaita ma'ajiyar bayanai ga kowane rukunin yanar gizo yana kan aikin haɓakawa kuma ba a gama shi ba tukuna. Duk wani abu da aka bayyana a nan yana aiki a yau.
A yawancin masu masauki, wani yanki na ƙasa (subdomain) kundin adireshi ne mai ka'idar sake rubutawa a gabansa. A nan, cikakken bayanan shafi ne mai nasa nau'in tsari, matsayinsa a cikin rukunin sabar, da kuma iyakarsa ta keɓewa. Duk abin da za ku iya yi wa babban yanki, za ku iya yi wa yanki na ƙasa.
Kowane shafin rukunin yanar gizo ana gina shi ne daga tsarin da aka yi wa fasali kuma yana tafiyar da nau'in tarinsa da lokacin aiki: WordPress da ake gudanarwa, WooCommerce, PHP, tsayayyen HTML ko Node. Ƙananan rukunin yanar gizonku na docs na iya zama tsayayyen HTML yayin da tushen ke tafiyar da WordPress, ba tare da wani sasanci a tsakaninsu ba.
Rumbun adana bayanai na MariaDB ga kowane shafi, ma'ajiyar cikakken shafi ta LiteSpeed LSCache da kuma ma'ajiyar abubuwa ta Redis ko Memcached ga kowane shafi. Ba a raba komai da babban shafin, saboda haka wani ƙaramin yanki mai yawan aiki ba zai iya korar ma'ajiyar babban shafin ba ko cunkusa tambayoyinsa.
CloudLinux LVE yana kayyade CPU, RAM, IO, IOPS da tsarin shiga ga kowane shafi, CageFS yana bai wa kowane shafi nasa tsarin duba fayiloli daban, kuma MySQL Governor yana daidaita nauyin rumbun adana bayanai ga kowane shafi. Duk wani sashen yanki (subdomain) da ya fita daga sarrafawa ana killace shi a cikin kejin kansa.
Ajiye bayanan yau da kullum da ake riƙe su har na tsawon kwanaki 30 tare da maido da su ta danna sau ɗaya, ga kowane shafi. Kuna iya mayar da wani ƙaramin yanki (subdomain) zuwa jiya ba tare da shafar babban shafin ko wani daga cikin rassan sa ba.
Kananan yankuna (subdomains) matsala ce ta DNS kafin su zama matsalar baƙuncin yanar gizo (hosting), don haka an bayyana layin DNS yadda ya kamata maimakon a ɓoye shi a bayan fom mai filaye biyu.
Kowane yankin da za a iya rijista da kuke ɗaukar nauyinsa yana samun yankin DNS da ake sarrafawa ta hanyar mahadar direban DNS ɗinmu. Kuna samun CRUD na rikodin a cikin nau'ikan rikodin da kuke tsammani, don haka ƙara app, shop, docs, mail ko masaukin wildcard gyaran rikodin ne kawai, ba buƙatar taimako ba. Ana daidaita yanayin yanki ta hanyar idempotent tare da mai bayarwa, wanda ke nufin canjin da aka yi rabinsa ko gyaran da aka sake gwadawa yana dacewa da yanayin da kuka nema maimakon barin yankinku a cikin wani hali na daban marar tabbas.
An raba magatakarda da DNS da gangan: za ku iya yin rijistar yanki tare da mu kuma ku ajiye DNS a wani wuri, ko ku ajiye yankin a wurin magatakardarku na yanzu sannan kawai ku nuna wani karamin yanki zuwa gare mu. Muna tabbatar da wakilcin sabar suna da kunnawa kafin mu ayyana yanki a matsayin mai aiki, don ku gano cewa wani bayani ba daidai ba ne daga dandalin maimakon daga abokin ciniki.
Wani yanki na ƙasa wanda yake da jinkiri ko kuma yake nuna gargaɗin takardar shaida ya fi rashin samun wani yanki na ƙasa muni, saboda haka hanyar isarwa iri ɗaya ce da wacce babban yankin yake samu.
Ana ba da takardun shaida na Let's Encrypt kuma ana sabunta su ta atomatik. Yi amfani da takardar shaidar wildcard don rufe kowane yanki na subdomain a lokaci ɗaya, takardun shaida na kowane mai masauki inda kake son a raba su, ko loda takardar shaidarka ta al'ada.
Kowane shafi LiteSpeed ne ke ba da shi tare da kunna HTTP/3, don haka wani ƙaramin yanki (subdomain) yana samun aiki a matakin haɗin gwiwa daidai da babban yankin (root domain) maimakon zama vhost na aji na biyu.
Cikakken shafin ajiye bayanai na LSCache tare da ma'ajiyar bayanai na abu na Redis na kowane shafi, tare da sharewa cikin jituwa daga allon sarrafawa ko daga cikin WordPress. Share babban shafin ba zai share ma'ajiyar bayanai ta ƙaramin yankinku ba.
Ku tura ta hanyar CDN ɗinmu da rukunin asusun Cloudflare ko ku haɗa asusunku kuma ku zaɓi asusun da za a tura wani shafi da aka bayar zuwa gare shi. Isarwa shawara ce da kuke yankewa, ba wadda muke yanke muku ba.
Dalili mafi shahara ta son samun subdomain ita ce samun amintaccen wurin da za a iya gwaji da lalata abubuwa ba tare da fargaba ba. Wannan hanyar tana nan a ginanniyar ciki kuma a bude take a kan tsare-tsaren Mainstream.
Yin kwafi zuwa staging yana ƙirƙirar keɓaɓɓen kwafin rukunin yanar gizo mai aiki a kan wani ƙaramin yanki na staging, tare da fayilolinsa da rumbun adana bayanai ba tare da an taɓa su ba, a kan tsari iri ɗaya da sigar zane kamar na ainihin rukunin. Kuna aiki a kan kwafin tare da cikakken rukunin kayan aiki: keɓaɓɓen SSH da SFTP, wp-cli, editan VS Code mai aiki a kan burawza, phpMyAdmin ko Adminer, cron na kowane rukunin yanar gizo da kuma sauye-sauyen muhalli.
Idan an tabbatar da canjin, tura shi kai-tsaye (push to live) yana yin aiki tare da sani game da rumbun adana bayanai (database-aware sync) komawa zuwa sashin aiki na ainihi (production). Za ku zabi fayiloli, rumbun adana bayanai ko duka biyun, kuma ana gudanar da bincike-da-sauyawa (search-replace) a madadin ku domin adiresoshin URL da ke cikin abubuwan ku su bi shafin maimakon su ci gaba da nuni ga uwar garken gwaji (staging host). Saboda samarwa, yin kwafi da kuma tura aiki duk suna gudana ne a matsayin tsare-tsaren ayyuka masu dorewa na Temporal tare da sake gwadawa a kowane mataki da kuma dawo da matsayin baya, duk wata matsala da ta auku a tsakiyar aiki tana warware aikin da aka riga aka yi ne maimakon barin ku da shafin da aka yi wa kwafin rabi da rabi.
Mun fi son mu sanar da ku wannan tun da farko maimakon mu sayar muku da abin da zai kawo cikas ga abin da kuke ƙoƙarin yi.
Ƙananan yankuna (subdomains) sune amsar da ta dace don tsara alama ɗaya: manhaja, shago, rukunin bayanan aiki, mashigar abokan ciniki, yanayin gwaji na kowane abokin ciniki daban. Ba su dace ba ga rukunin shafukan yanar gizo na sirri (private blog network). Kowane subdomain yana amfani da yanki ɗaya mai rijista, saboda haka duk wanda ya bincika ɗaya daga cikinsu ya san ainihin wanda ya mallaki sauran. A ƙarƙashin takardar shaidar wildcard suna kuma raba takardar shaida ɗaya, kuma ana buga fitar da takardar shaida a bayanan Certificate Transparency na jama'a, don haka duk mai sha'awar dubawa zai iya lissafa masu masauki a ƙarƙashin yanki ɗaya. Wannan sifa ce ta yanar gizo ta jama'a ta PKI da DNS, ba ta dandalinmu ba, kuma babu wani tsarin karɓar baƙuncin yanar gizo da zai canza ta.
Don haka subdomains suna cikin layukanmu na Mainstream da Agency, ba a cikin Footprint-Free ba. Idan bukatarku ita ce kada a iya danganta shafukan yanar gizo da juna, kuna buƙatar rarrabun domains masu rijista a layin samfur na footprint-free, inda asusun ajiyar CDN da DNS, sarrafa footprint da isar da tsayayyen HTML suka wanzu musamman don karya wannan tsarin. Dukkansu suna aiki ne a kan inji ɗaya da kuma dashboard ɗaya, don haka zabar daidai ba zai rage muku sauƙin aiki ba.
Hukumomi da masu sayarwa suna amfani da rassa na madogaran adireshi masu yawa: masaukin gwaji ɗaya ga kowane abokin ciniki, masaukin samfoti ɗaya ga kowane aiki, hanyar sadarwa ɗaya ga kowane asusu. An gina dandalin ne domin dacewa da wannan tsarin aiki.
Ƙungiyoyi suna jere kamar bishiya, daga dillali zuwa abokin ciniki zuwa shafuka, kuma ana keɓance kowane bayani tare da aiwatar da shi a rumbun adana bayanai tare da tsaro na matakin layi. Ƙananan yankuna na abokin ciniki na ƙungiyar wannan abokin cinikin ne, ba na ma'ajiyar bai-ɗaya ba da za ku riƙa kula da ita bisa al'ada.
Tura, sabunta, kuma sarrafa shafuka masu yawa a mataki ɗaya maimakon maimaita kanka a kowane shafi.
Kowane abu da ke cikin dashboard yana cikin API na jama'a, wanda aka samar daga bayanan OpenAPI. Sarrafa ƙirƙirar subdomain daga maɓallin API mai iyakance ga ƙungiya, CLI, Terraform, ko kayan aikin AI ta uwar garken MCP ɗinmu.
Ana adana bayanan ayyuka na musamman da na gudanarwa a cikin kundin bincike, kuma tsarin bayar da izini bisa matsayi yana tsara wanda zai iya yin wani abu a cikin tawagar ku. Kuna iya ganin wanda ya ƙirƙira, ya gyara ko ya cire mai masauki.
I mana. Domin kowace rukunin yanar gizo na gaba (subdomain) yana aiki ne a matsayin cikakken shafi mai zaman kansa tare da nasa tarin fasaha, rumbun adana bayanai, ma'ajiyar cache da kuma bayanan ajiya na musamman, yana ɗaukar gurbin shafi a tsarin ku kamar yadda babban yanki (primary domain) yake yi. Ana siyar da tsare-tsare ne dangane da adadin shafukan da suka ƙunsa, saboda haka ƙara shafin subdomain lissafi ɗaya ne da ƙara kowane irin shafi.
Ee, kuma suna da 'yancin kansu na gaske. Kowane yanki na ƙasa rikodin shafi ne mai zaman kansa tare da tsarin kansa, don haka ba lallai ba ne fasahohin su yi daidai: WordPress a babban yankin, WooCommerce a shop, manhajar Node.js a app da kuma shafi marar canzawa a docs tsari ne na yau da kullum a nan ba wani abu na musamman ba. Za su iya zama a na'urori daban-daban, su gudanar da runtimes daban-daban da kuma nau'ikan PHP ko Node daban-daban, sannan a tura su, a gwada su, a adana su, kuma a mayar da su kan tsare-tsaren lokutansu. Babu wani abu game da ɗaya da ke takaita wani bayan raba sunan yanki.
Ana kare su ta kowace hanya kai-tsaye. Kuna iya fitar da takardar shaidar wildcard wacce ke rufe kowane masauki a ƙarƙashin yankin gaba ɗaya a lokaci guda, ko fitar da takardun shaida na kowane masauki daban inda kuke son a raba su. Takardun shaidar Let's Encrypt kyauta ne, ana bayarwa kuma ana sabunta su kai-tsaye, sannan kuna iya loda takardar shaida ta musamman idan kuna da ita.
Za mu ba da shawarar kada a yi haka, kuma ba za mu sayar da shi ta wannan hanyar ba. Kowane yanki na subdomain yana raba yanki mai rijista guda ɗaya, kuma a ƙarƙashin takardar shaidar wildcard yana raba takardar shaida wadda bayar da ita ke bayyana a cikin bayanan jama'a na Certificate Transparency, don haka duk wanda ya duba zai iya haɗa rundunonin da juna. Don aikin da bai kamata a haɗa shafukan ba, yi amfani da yankuna daban-daban masu rijista a kan layinmu na Footprint-Free, wanda aka ƙera shi musamman don hakan tare da asusun CDN da DNS, sarrafa sawu da isar da tsayayyen HTML.
An gina dandamalin ne domin ya killaceshi maimakon ya bar shi ya yadu. CloudLinux LVE yana kayyade CPU, tunani da IO na kowane shafi a cikin kejin kansa, CageFS yana ba kowane shafi tsarin duba fayil mai zaman kansa don haka idan aka samu mamboshi sai a killace shi, sannan MySQL Governor yana sarrafa nauyin da kowane shafi ke sakawa a rukunin bayanai domin kar bincike mai nauyi na shafi daya ya tafiyar da uwar garken a hankali. Binciken Malware, bangon kariya na proactive web application firewall da adana bayanan kariya na immutable backups na kowane shafi suna goyon bayan hakan. Killacewa ita ce manufar tsarin; babu mai karbar bakuncin yanar gizo da zai iya yin alkawarin cewa komai ba zai taba lalacewa ba.
I. An raba magatakarda da DNS da gangan. Za ku iya ajiye yankinku a wurin magatakardanku na yanzu da yankin shiyyarku a wurin mai bada sabis ɗin DNS ɗinku na yanzu kuma kawai ku nuna bayanan ƙaramin yanki (subdomain) zuwa gare mu. Muna tabbatar da wakilci da kunnawa kafin ɗaukar rukunin yanar gizon a matsayin mai aiki, don haka bayanan da aka yi kuskuren rubutawa suna bayyana nan take maimakon su fāɗi a ɓoye. Lokacin da aka riga aka karɓi baƙuncin shiyyar babban yanki a nan, muna rubuta bayanan ƙaramin yankin a ciki a madadinku, saboda haka babu abin da za ku ƙara da hannu.
Kawai a yadda aka halicce shi. Yin kwafi zuwa staging (Clone to staging) yana gina keɓaɓɓen kwafi na rukunin yanar gizo mai aiki, gami da fayiloli da ma'ajiyar bayanai, akan ƙaramin yanki na staging mai aiki da irin wannan saitin manhaja da tsarin fasali kamar na ainihi. Da zarar kun gamsu, tura-kai-tsaye (push-to-live) yana daidaita shi ta hanyar bincike-da-sauyawa mai lura da ma'ajiyar bayanai. Duk sauran abubuwa, keɓancewa, SSL, ajiyar caching, ajiyar waje ta bayanan sirri, da damar mai haɓakawa, iri ɗaya ne da kowane rukunin yanar gizo.
Kuna tafiya da su. Babu wani tsarin kulle mutum a ko'ina cikin dandamalin: kuna iya samo lambobin izini, buɗe yankunan yanar gizo sannan ku maida su wani wuri, amfani da asusunku na CDN da DNS, da kuma fitar da shafukanku. Kowane mai ba da sabis na waje da muke amfani da shi yana bayan na'urar sauyawa mai saurin musanya, wanda hakan gaskiya ne gare ku kamar yadda yake gare mu.
Cikakken keɓe ayyuka, takardar shaidar wildcard SSL, cikakken ikon sarrafa DNS da kuma kafa shafin gwaji da dannawa ɗaya a kowace uwar garke da kuka ƙara. Fara da gwajin kwanaki 14 ba tare da katin banki ba kuma ku duba yadda yake dacewa da ku kafin ku ɗauki alkawari.
Fara kyauta